Literature is literally "knowledge of letters" as in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary, the term has, however, generally come to identify a set of texts. The word "literature" spelled with lower case "l" can refer to any form of writing, such as testing, while "Literature", written with a capital "L" may refer to a set of literary, worldwide or in connection with a culture specific. Etymologically, the word literature comes from the Latin word "literature" which means "an individual written character (letter). Nations can have literature, like businesses, philosophical schools or historical periods. Commonly popular notion holds that the literature of a nation for example, involves the collection of texts that make this whole nation.
Various forms of literature:
POETRY:
A poem a work of art is usually written in verse. Poems rely heavily on imagery, precise word choice, and metaphor, but can take the form of measures consisting of patterns of stress (metric feet) or patterns of different-length syllables (as in classical prosody), which may or may not make use of rhyme. A poem can not easily characterize accurately. Typically however, the poetry as a form of literature makes some significant use formal properties of words that uses the properties linked to the written or spoken words, rather than to its meaning. Metro depends on syllables and rhythms expression, rhyme and alliteration depend on words that have similar accent. Some more recent poets such as ee cummings, made extensive use of visual form of words '.
Perhaps poetry predates other forms of literature: The earliest known examples include the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh (dating from around 3000 BC), parts of the Bible, and existing works of Homer (Iliad and Odyssey). In cultures based primarily on oral traditions the formal characteristics of poetry often have a mnemonic function, and important texts: legal, genealogical or moral, for example, may appear first in verse form.
Many poetry uses specific forms: haiku, Limerick, or the sonnet, for example. A haiku must have seventeen syllables, distributed over three lines in groups of five, seven and five, and must have an image of a season and something to do with nature. A Limerick has five lines with a rhyme scheme of AABB, and lengths of lines 3,3,2,2,3 stressed syllables. Usually has less respectful attitude towards nature.
Language and tradition dictate some poetic norms: the Greek poetry rarely rhymes, Italian or French poetry often, English and German can go either way (although modern poetry does not rhyme often perhaps unfairly, has a more "serious" aura). Perhaps the most classic style of English poetry, blank verse, as exemplified in the works Shakespeare and Milton, consists of rhyming iambic pentameter. Some languages prefer longer lines, shorter ones. Some of these agreements result ease of installation of a language-specific vocabulary and grammar into certain structures more than others, for example, some languages have more words rhyming than others, or tend to have longer words. Other structural conventions come about how the result of historical accidents, where many speakers of a language associated with good poetry a form of verse favored by a particular expert or well-loved poet.
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